• In mouse lung arsenite enhances the

  2020-07-28

  

  In mouse lung, arsenite enhances the formation of cigarette smoke-induced 8-oxodeoxyguanine (Hays et al., 2006) and BaP-induced DNA adducts (Evans et al., 2004). Moreover, arsenite inhibits the repair of BaP-induced DNA adducts in human lung carcinoma A549 6656 australia (Schwerdtle et al., 2003),

• The innate immune system ensures virus inhibition until the

  2020-07-27

  

  The innate immune system ensures virus inhibition until the adaptive immune system is ready to launch a much more comprehensive antiviral response, which mainly consists of cytotoxic CD8 T orexin antagonist and antibody production induced by CD4+ T cells to a minor degree. Initially, cytotoxic T cel

• While a number of studies have helped elucidate

  2020-07-27

  

  While a number of studies have helped elucidate the principles of target amino group specificity, UBL selectivity, and Ub PPT specificity [3], [4], [9], [10], [14], [19], [20], [23], [24], [33], [34], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], the role of the canonical E2-RING interface in governing substrate u

• In general cellular senescence is considered

  2020-07-27

  

  In general, cellular senescence is considered a programmed response to stress that can be activated by oxidative stress, irradiation or action of substances or drugs. These stressors cause DNA damage and, through the action of specific proteins (p53 and p21), lead to cell senescence (di Fagagna, 200

• A typical bacterial cholesterol degradation pathway is prese

  2020-07-27

  

  A typical bacterial cholesterol degradation pathway is presented in Fig. 1. Generally, the pathway is supposed to start with the oxidation or dehydrogenation of cholesterol (1) to 5-cholesten-3-one (59; Fig. 2), followed by isomerization to 4-cholesten-3-one (2). Under aerobic conditions, this trans

• We found that both DDR and DDR

  2020-07-27

  

  We found that both DDR1 and DDR2 ECD increased matrix mineralization as compared to native cells, with the effect of DDR2 ECD being more prominent. Both soluble (DDR2/ECD) and membrane-bound DDR2 ECD (DDR2/-KD), when compared to wild-type cells, induced larger mineral deposits. In this regard, a rec

• We find that metastasis associated

  2020-07-27

  

  We find that metastasis-associated MSCs have a normal karyotype, have similar surface marker expression as bone marrow- and adipose-derived MSCs, and exhibit DDR2 pathway activation. DDR2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in mesenchymal cells, uniquely activated by fibrillar collagens, which a

• lipid metabolism br Materials and Methods br Acknowledgement

  2020-07-27

  

  Materials and Methods Acknowledgements Introduction Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) protein of vertebrates (Pérez-Tamayo, 1978). The remodeling of collagen to maintain tissue homeostasis is a critical metabolic process in the health of mammals (Cox and Erler, 2011).

• The human African trypanosomiasis sleeping sickness

  2020-07-27

  

  The human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), a disease caused by the kinetoplastid protozoans and , is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). The disease is fatal if untreated, and current treatment options available for the disease are ineffective and have well-documented adverse

• Drug induced toxicity is caused either by

  2020-07-27

  

  Drug-induced toxicity is caused either by parent compounds or by their reactive metabolites that are generated through biotransformation primarily in the liver (Srivastava et al., 2010). The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily members contribute to approximately 80% of this process (Evans and Relling,

• Beside its long established role in translation

  2020-07-27

  

  Beside its long-established role in translation, eIF4E was recently shown to participate in further post-transcriptional functions as nuclear export and mRNA decay pathways [19]. Culjkovic et al. presented a list of mRNAs that are targets for eIF4E in the nucleus and may be transported in an eIF4E-d

• To confirm and extend those

  2020-07-27

  

  To confirm and extend those findings of a differential interaction between hCrm1 and mCrm1 and Rev-RRE, we first attempted to use the yeast two and three hybrid systems, but failed to observe a detectable interaction between any of the Crm1s and Rev, in the presence or absence of HIV RRE RNA. We the

• Sensory gating describes a filter mechanism

  2020-07-27

  

  ‘Sensory gating’ describes a filter mechanism protecting the central nervous system from sensory overload by inhibiting behaviorally irrelevant input (Boutros et al., 2004, 2008). This permits HA14-1 to a changing contextual environment (Fruhstorfer et al., 1970; Grunwald et al., 2003). Auditory ga

• We propose two different pathways for the production

  2020-07-26

  

  We propose two different pathways for the production of this species: either that described by Dooley [24], where the phenol ring is first activated by binding of its oxygen to copper, or one where a copper-peroxo species would directly react with an active site tyrosine residue (Scheme 1B). This se

• As suggested by previous data we identified that the

  2020-07-25

  

  As suggested by previous data [45], we identified that the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of DDX3 were enriched in intrinsically disordered regions (Fig. 6). We also found that this characteristic was conserved in the external domains of several homologs of DDX3 (from yeast to human) and all desc

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